693.REAL-TIME VIBRATION ANALYSIS AND RESONANCE DETECTION OF STEPPER MOTORS

Abstract

This paper focuses on developing a real-time system for vibration analysis and resonance detection in stepper motors used in CNC machines. The goal is to optimize motor performance and reduce resonance effects, which impact precision and efficiency. The ADXL345 accelerometer is mounted near the motor shaft to measure vi-brations, while the Arduino Mega 2560 serves as an interface. Vibration data is processed in LabVIEW using FFT to analyze frequency and time domains. A potentiometer controls the motor speed, powered by an L298N driver. Addi-tionally, an Arduino Uno reads the potentiometer input and adjusts the speed. The TCST1230 optical sensor measures the motor’s RPM, allowing a detailed analysis of the relationship between speed and vibration frequencies. Results visualized in Excel help identify resonance frequencies, enabling better parameter selection. This system enhances the accuracy, efficiency, and longevity of CNC machines by minimizing harmful vibrations.